Steam-engine.



PATENTED AUG.l 18, 1908.

No. 896,524. E

l C. FERRR. STEAM ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 8,1907. 3 SHEETS SHEBT l.

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0.1188818881. STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 8, 1907.

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, No. 896,524. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908. l V aFBRRARL f APPLIOATION HLBD AUG. a 1 o l 9 7 a sums-SHEET 3.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. CARL FERRARI, OF ERIE, PENNSYLIYNIA, ASSIGNOR TO ERIE CITY IRON WORKS, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

STE .AM-ENGINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1s, 1968.

Application led August 8, 1907. Serial No. 387,583.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL FERRARI, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the County of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines, of which the 'following is a specification.

This invention relates to steam engines and consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a valve mechanism by means of which a uniform pressure may be maintained in the cylinder until the point of cutoil and to reduce the clearance and simplify the mechanism for accomplishing this purpose.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure 1 shows a section on the line 1-1 in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a section on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the valve. Fig. 4. shows a side elevation of the same. Fig. 5 shows an end' elevation of the same. Fig. 6 shows a bottom vie'w of the pressure plate. Fig. 7 shows an end view partly in section on the line 7-7 in Fig. 6. Fig. S shows an end view partly in section on the line S-YS in Fig. 6. Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section through the valve and steam chest with the valve at the point of opening. Fig. 10. shows a similar view with the valve slightly advanced. Fig. 11 a view showing the valve moved to a position with nearly 'full opening.

1 marks the cylinder; 2 the piston; 3 the steam chest. The main ports 4 connect the steam chest with the cylinder 1: auxiliary ports 5 extend from the valve seat in the steam chest and lead into the main ports 4. In this way clearance, incident to the auxiliary ports, may be quite materially reduced .v The valve is formed of two parts 6, connected by the rods 7 and operate on the seat in the steam chest over the ports 4 and. 5, and under a pressure plate S.

The valve has the steam edges 10, 11 and 12 which are brought into play as steam is admitted. These edges operate in connection with the steam edges 10a, 11a and 12a inzthe valve seat in the steam chest and with the steam edges 10b, 11b and 12b in the pressure plates, as clearly shown in Fig. 9.

Each pressure plate is provided with a cavity 8a of the same area as the port 4 and arranged opposite to said port. It is also provided with a cavity 8 of equal area to the auxiliary port 5 and this is arranged opposite to the auxiliary port. The pressure p ate also hasva passage 8b extending through it, separating the pressure plate into two parts 8d and 8e which are connected by the bridge pieces 8f.

It will be noted that steam passes to the main port (as indicated in Fig. 10) both by way oi the end of the valve and through the passage 8b. In order to deliver steam by the edge 1 1 a, a passage 6b is arranged in the valve so that steam passes through it from the passage Sb and into the cavity 13 and this' is opposite to the passage 8b and of equal area. The valve also has a passage 6a so that the steam passing by the steam edges 10b and 11D moves through the passage 6a to the main ort. Steam is delivered to the auxiliary port by the steam edge 12a, through the cavity 13 as well as directly. In order that the steam passing the edge 12bmay enter the auxiliary port, a passage 6C is provided in the valve and thisl carries the steam passing the edge 12b and cavity 8C to the auxiliary port. In this way, steam is delivered from both sides of the main port and from Jfour points of opening, While steam is delivered to the auxiliary port only from one side and from two points of opening, so that in all there are six points of opening. All these openings are effective in the initial movement of the valve so that a full quota of steam is delivered to the cylinder with the initial opening. The auxiliary port remains open until'the opening for the main port is of such dimensions as to maintain full pressure in the cylinder. This, of course, means that the steam velocity through the ports remains practically constant. As soon as the main port is suHiciently opened, the auxiliary port isclosed, as shown in Fig. 11 and remains closed until toward the end of the opening of the main ort. The steam edges 14 on the valve and edge 14a on the valve seat and 14b on the pressure plate effect this closure. It is then again opened on the return movement of the valve so as to maintain full portage during the cut-off movement and is closed simultaneously with the main port. A separate valve (not shown) controls the exhaust. vThe valve has the extensions 6d which maintain a closure of the sides of the auxiliary ports toward the center of the valve at all times. By this means I am enabled to maintain a practical uniformity of steam ressure in the cylinder during the opening o' the ports and in consequence, to permit a uniformity of velocity of steam through the ports; and in doing this the variation of piston speed is considered. Y

The pressure plates are adjusted by means of the set screws 15. These set screws abut against the walls 16 of the openings 17. The steam chest is perfectly formed with a bridge 18 extending over the central part of the valve so that the openings necessary to cover are only at the ends of the steam chest and directly over the valve seats. These openings are closed by the covers 20. The pressure plates are maintained in position to seat the valve by the springs 19.

What I claim as new is:

1. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having main admission ports and auxiliary ports; and a valve arranged to deliver steam to the main ports from'both sides of the main ports and with four points of admission for each of said main ports and to the auxiliary ports with two points of admission.

2. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having main admission ports and auxiliary ports; and a valve arranged to deliver steam to the main ports from both sides of the main ports and with four points of admission for each of said main ports and to the auxiliary ports with two points of admission and from one side only of the auxiliary port.

3. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary port; a pressure plate having an opening through it intermediate its ends; and a valve adapted to o erate with said ports and pressure plate to eliver steam to the main port from both sides of the i main port, one side being through the opening in the pressure plate and to deliver steam to the auxiliary port from one side and throu h the opening in the pressure plate.

4. n a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary port; a pressure plate having an opening through it intermediate its ends and cavities arranged in register with said ports ;.and a valve adapted to operate with said orts and pressure plate to deliver steam to the main port from both sides of the main port and with four points of admission, two of which are through the opening in the pressure plate, and to deliver steam to the auxiliary port from one side with two points of admission.

5. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary port and steam cavity 13; a pressure plate having a passage 8b through it in register with cavity 13, cavi-Y ties 8a. and 8e opposite the main and'auxiliary ports respectively; and a valve having the steam edges 10, 11 and 12, the edge 10 being adapted to operate with the main port and cavity 8, the edge 11 with the passage 8'D and cavity 13, and the edge 12 with the auxiliary port and cavity 8C.

6. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main'port v and an auxiliary port and steam cavity 13; a pressure plate having a passage 8b through it in register with cavity 13, and cavities 8a and 8c opposite the main and auxiliary ports respectively; and a valve having the steam edges 10, 11 and 12, the edge 10 being adapted to operate with the main port and cavity 8; the edge 11 with the passage 8b and cavity 13, and the edge 12 with the auxiliary port and cavity 8C, said valve being provided with passages GfL 6b and 6c for the purposes described.

7. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary port and steam -cavity 13; a pressure plate having a passage 8b through it in register with cavity 13, and cavities 8a and 8e o posite the main and auxiliary ports respectively; and a valve having the steam edges 10, 11 and 12, the edge 10 being adapted to operate with the main port and cavity 8a; the edge 11 with the passage 8b and cavity 13, and the edge 12 with the auxiliary port and cavity 8; the valve having the extended end 6d to maintain a closure on one side of the auxiliary port.

8. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having main and auxiliary ports and pressure plate; a valve operating under the pressure plate and in connection with said ports, said valve having the extended end d for the purpose described.

9. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and auxiliary admission ort; and a valve adapted to open the auxi iary port during the early part of the opening of the main port and to close the auxi iary port during the intermediate part'of the opening of the main port.

10. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and auxiliary admission port; and a valve adapted to open the auxiliary port during the early part of the openingof the main port and to close the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port, and then to open the auxiliary port during the latter part of the openand a valve adapted to open the auxiliary port during the latter art oi the opening of the main port and to c ose the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port.

12. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary admission port;

and a valve adapted to open the auxiliary port with the initial opening of the main port and` to close the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port.

13. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary admission port; and a valve adapted to open the auxiliary port during the latter part of the opening of the main port and to close the same coincident with the closing of the main port.

14. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary port leading from the steam chest into the main port; and a valve adapted to open the auxiliary port during the early part of the opening of the main port and to close the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port.

15. In a steam engine the combination of a cylinder; a steam chest having a main admission port and an auxiliary port; anda valve arranged to deliver steam to the main port from both sides of the main port and with four points of admission, and to open the auxiliary port during the early part of the opening of the main port and to close the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port.

16. In a steam engine the combination of the cylinder; the steam chest having the main admission port and an auxiliary port and a valve arranged to deliver steam to the main port from' both sides of the main port and with four points of admission and to the auxiliary port from two points of admission from one side, and to open the auxiliary port during the early part ofthe opening of the main port and to close the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port.

17. In a steam engine the combination of the cylinder; the steam chest having a main and an auxiliary port; the pressure plate having an opening through it intermediate its ends; and a valve adapted to voperate with said ports and pressure plate and to deliver steam to both sides of the main port, one side being through the opening in the plate, and to deliver steam to the auxiliary port from one side of said auxiliary port and through the opening in the pressure plate, and adapted to open the auxiliary port during the early part of the opening of the main port and to close the auxiliary port during the intermediate part of the opening of the main port and then again' to open the auxiliary port during the latter part of the opening of the main port.

18. In a steam engine the combination with the cylinder; the steam chest having a main and an auxiliary port at each end thereof; pressure plates comprising the parts Sd over the main ports and Se over the auxiliary ports, said parts 8d and Se being connected and having passages 8b between them for carrying steam to the ports; and a valve operating with relation to the ports and pressure plates.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL FERRARI.

Witnesses:

H. C. LORD, E. B. EAGLES. 

